In the EuroRust 2024 talk by Arthur Pastel, the focus is on the significant impact of memory allocators on software performance, particularly in Rust. Pastel discusses various types of memory allocation—static, stack, and heap—highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. He emphasizes the importance of custom allocators for optimizing performance, especially in scenarios involving small, short-lived objects, and shares practical insights on implementing allocators in Rust, including benchmarks that demonstrate the performance of different allocators like JPC Malo and bump allocators. The talk concludes with practical tips for improving memory allocation efficiency in programming.